yum安装调试以及命令详解

编辑小王

背景，需要安装cacti，google了很多安装资料，需要先yum安装一些准备lib包，比如snmp以及openssl等等。
[root@mysqlvm2 ~]# yum install net-snmp-devel

Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
Setting up Install Process
No package net-snmp-devel available.
Nothing to do
看到yum不识别，所以需要先在linux服务器上面安装yum软件包。
推荐阅读：
RedHat Linux 本地yum源的配置 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-08/88217.htm
RedHat 6.2 Linux修改yum源免费使用CentOS源 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-07/87383.htm
配置EPEL YUM源 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-10/71850.htm
Redhat 本地yum源配置 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-11/75127.htm
yum的配置文件说明 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-04/83298.htm
RedHat 6.1下安装yum(图文) http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-06/86535.htm
YUM 安装及清理 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-07/87163.htm



1 下载yum安装包

下载地址：wget http://yum.baseurl.org/download/3.4/yum-3.4.3.tar.gz
[root@mysqlvm2 ~]# wget http://yum.baseurl.org/download/3.4/yum-3.4.3.tar.gz

--2014-05-15 20:56:34-- http://yum.baseurl.org/download/3.4/yum-3.4.3.tar.gz
正在解析主机 yum.baseurl.org... 140.211.167.207
Connecting to yum.baseurl.org|140.211.167.207|:80... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度：1140370 (1.1M) [application/x-gzip]
Saving to: `yum-3.4.3.tar.gz\


2 解压缩安装


tar -xvf yum-3.4.3.tar.gz

cd yum-3.4.3
yum main.py install yum
[root@mysqlvm2 yum-3.4.3]# yum main.py install yum
Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
usage: yum [options] COMMAND

List of Commands:


红帽中出现This system is not registered with RHN这个的原因是因为红帽中没有注册RHN。解决办法：（假定你已安装yum，且网络畅通）更改yum的源，即更换/etc/yum.repos.d /rhel-debuginfo.repo 这个文件。进入/etc/yum.repos.d/目录，终端中输入wget http://docs.linuxtone.org/soft/lemp/CentOS-Base.repo即可在此目录下得到CentOS- Base.repo文件，这是centos的源文件，只需将其重命名为rhel-debuginfo.repo即可，以前的文件做个备份。

wget http://www.linuxidc.com/files/2011/05/06/CentOS-Base.repo

cp /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.bak


[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cp rhel-debuginfo.repo rhel-debuginfo.repo.bak

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# mv CentOS-Base.repo rhel-debuginfo.repo
mv：是否覆盖“rhel-debuginfo.repo”? y
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]#
[root@mysqlvm2 yum-3.4.3]# yum makecache
Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
addons | 1.9 kB 00:00
addons/filelists_db | 570 B 00:00
addons/other_db | 554 B 00:00
addons/primary_db
[root@mysqlvm2 yum-3.4.3]# yum install httpd
Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
Setting up Install Process
Package httpd-2.2.3-85.el5.centos.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Nothing to do